##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Stany Babu

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic in India laid visible the stark disparity and unequal distribution of resources in the Indian society. With the imposition of one of the harshest lockdowns in the world , the migrant workers in the country (both interstate and intrastate) have taken the cruel brunt of this pandemic. These internal migrant workers were left in the urban economic centres (cities) with no proper housing, jobs (most of them being employed in informal sectors) and any form of income generation. This led to a mass exodus of migrant workers from urban centres to their rural homes in the hope that they may not go hungry and will have a roof over their heads. The global crisis brought to the forefront that the pandemic is being experienced differently by different economic strands of the Indian society. By severing the public transportation (buses and trains), to mitigate the risk of spread of the virus across districts and states , the migrant workers were denied the only means of affordable movement. This paper will chronicle the many obstacles and hardships that were faced by the migrants when public transportation was denied, on their long journey 'home', without any certainty of reaching their villages alive.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

How to Cite
Babu, S. (2020) “Not all Lockdowns are Created Equal: Indian Migrant Crisis in Times of COVID-19”, The Journal of Public Space, 5(3), pp. 105–114. doi: 10.32891/jps.v5i3.1370.
Section
Space
Author Biography

Stany Babu, University of Bahrain

Ms Stany Babu holds a MA in Architectural Design (MAAD) from the University of Sheffield , UK in 2017 and a Bachelor in Architecture from SRM Institute of Technology, India in 2015. Her ongoing researches include Socialist architectural heritage of former Yugoslavia in collaboration with Mrs Layla Karajica, Democracy of public spaces in India – Women in protest spaces: The case of Shaheen Bagh and memory, identity and politics of architecture during conflicts. She is also a collaborator for Co:Lab, a design and research collaborative based in Chennai, India. She is part of the team heading a community led public space design project based in Damistan Beach in the Kingdom of Bahrain under the non profit organisation Mawane. She is currently teaching in the University of Bahrain and is a consultant designer with ongoing projects in Kerala, India.

References

Agarwal, K. (2020) 'Not Just the Aurangabad Accident, 383 People Have Died Due to the Punitive Lockdown', The Wire, 10th May. Available at: https://thewire.in/rights/migrant-workers-non-coronavirus-lockdown-deaths.

Agarwala, P. & Vaidya, H., (2020) 'Can COVID-19 fill the void of City Governance for Urban Transformation?', UN India, 7th May. Available at: https://in.one.un.org/can-covid-19-fill-the-void-of-city-governance-for-urban-transformation/.

Ameen, F. (2020) ‘No food and water aboard Shramik special trains ', The Telegraph India, 23rd May. Available at: https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/coronavirus-no-food-and-water-aboard-shramik-special-trains/cid/1775256.

Anand, J. & Singh, V. (2020) ‘Corononavirus lockdowm| Union Home Ministry blames ‘fake news’ for migrant workers gathering at bus stations', The Hindu, 06th June. Available at: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/coronavirus-lockdown-union-home-ministry-blames-fake-news-for-migrant-workers-gathering-at-bus-stations/article31767747.ece/amp/.

Biswas, S. (2020) 'Coronavirus: India's pandemic lockdown turns into a human tragedy', BBC, 30th April. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52086274.

Chatterjee, P. (2020) 'The Pandemic Exposes India’s Apathy Toward Migrant Workers', The Atlantic, 12th April. Available at: https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/the-pandemic-exposes-indias-two-worlds/609838/.

Dharker, A. (2020) 'COVID-19 has made migrant workers’ plight, state apathy visible', The Indian Express, 25th May. Available at: https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/invisible-india-migrant-exodus-coronavirus-6425627/.

Gettleman, J., Raj, S. & Kumar, H. (2020) 'As India Reopens, Deadly Accidents Break Out', The New York Times, 8th May. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/08/world/asia/india-leak-train-reopen.html.

Jan Sahas. (2020) 'Voices of the Invisible Citizens', Jan Sahas, New Delhi, April. Available at: https://ruralindiaonline.org/library/resource/voices-of-the-invisible-citizens/.

Kumar, N. & Das, R. (2020) 'Noida’s migrant worker exodus is more about their notions of ‘home’ than coronavirus: Study', The Print, 1st April. Available at : https://theprint.in/opinion/noidas-migrant-worker-exodus-more-notions-of-home/392290/.

Kumar, N. & Das, R. (2020) 'Chronic crisis: Migrant workers and India's COVID -19 lockdown', LSE South Asia Centre, 8th April. Available at: https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/southasia/2020/04/08/chronic-crisis-migrant-workers-and-indias-covid-19-lockdown/.

Narayan, S. (2020) 'The invisible ghosts who walk will haunt India for years to come', The Wire, 19th May. Available at: https://thewire.in/labour/the-invisible-ghosts-who-walk-will-haunt-india-for-years-to-come.

Niti Aayog (2018) 'Strategy for New India @ 75', Niti Aayog, New Delhi, November.

Padmanabhan, C. (2020) 'Will Migrants’ Lockdown Experiences Become the Debris of History That Reaches the Sky?', The Wire, 11th May. Available at: https://thewire.in/rights/india-lockdown-migrants-deaths.

Ramani, S. (2020) ‘Coronavirus package | Will migrant workers benefit from the Centre’s measures? ', The Hindu, 17th May. Available at: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/coronavirus-package-will-migrant-workers-benefit-from-the-centres-measures/article31603590.ece/amp/.

Ratho, A. & Bhowmick, S. (2020) 'East to West: India’s migrant crisis looms large during COVID-19', Observer Research Foundation, 10th April. Available at: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/east-west-india-migrant-crisis-looms-large-during-covid19-64880/.

Saha, P. (2020) ‘No data on deaths, job losses among migrant workers during lockdown:government', India Today, 14th September. Available at: https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/no-data-migrant-workers-deaths-job-losses-government-1721625-2020-09-14.

Sharma, S. & Khanna, S. (2020) ‘India’s migrant workers face long walk home amid coronavirus lockdown', Reuters, 26th March. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-india-migrant-labo-idUSKBN21D2O0.

Singh, S. (2020) ‘Explained: Indian migrants, across India', The Indian Express, 6th April. Available at: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/coronavirus-india-lockdown-migran-workers-mass-exodus-6348834/.

SWAN. (2020) ‘To leave or not to leave? Lockdown, Migrant Workers and their journey home', Stranded Workers Action Network(SWAN), 5th June. Available at: http://strandedworkers.in/mdocs-posts/to-leave-or-not-to-leave/.

Tanvi, N,S. (2020) ‘The face of exploitation’, The Hindu, 11th May. Available at: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/the-face-of-exploitation/article31551780.ece/amp/.

World Bank (2020) 'COVID-19 Crisis Through a Migration Lens', Migration and Development Brief 32, April.